Colorectal cancer
Core of basic research: Center on the carcinogenic initiation mechanism of abnormal Wnt signaling pathway (APC inactivation, β-Catenin activation) and the driving role of KRAS/BRAF mutations in the MAPK pathway. Explore the synergistic carcinogenic effects of gut microbiota, dietary factors, and genetic variations, focusing on the immune characteristics of microsatellite instability (MSI) subtypes.
Core key proteins: β-Catenin (core of Wnt pathway, abnormal accumulation activates target genes), APC (Wnt pathway inhibitor, inactivation stabilizes β-Catenin), GSK3β (phosphorylates β-Catenin to promote degradation), KRAS/BRAF (MAPK pathway drivers, sustained activation upon mutation), PI3K/Akt (enhances survival and invasion), TP53 (tumor suppressor gene, inactivation promotes progression), MSI-related proteins (MLH1, MSH2, defective in mismatch repair).